Authors
1
University of Anbar
2
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture- University of Anbar, Ramadi, IRAQ
3
Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, University of Anbar, Ramadi, IRAQ
4
Department of Plant Production Techniques, College of Al-Mussaib Technical, University of Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical
,
Document Type : Research Paper
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of seven cultivars of pomegranate in one of the private orchards in the city of Heet, Anbar Governorate, during the 2021 growing season. The ISSR technique was employed to determine the genetic relationships among the studied pomegranate cultivars, using 10 primers, 7 of which were capable of detecting genetic variations. Statistical analysis revealed the possibility of dividing the studied cultivars into two groups: the first group consisting of four cultivars (Nab Al-Jamal, Wonderful, Malisi, and Hitawi). The second group, includes three cultivars (Shahrban, Rawa Seedless, and Salimi). The genetic similarity among these cultivars ranged from 66% to 91%, with a total of 68 bands produced, including 53 polymorphic bands, with an average of 7.57 bands per studied cultivar. The polymorphic ratio was 77%. It was found that primer ISSR 8932809 produced the highest number of bands, with 13 bands, while primer ISSR 8932804 produced the lowest number of bands (6), with an average of 9.71 bands per primer. The studied cultivars could be classified into groups according to the degree of genetic relationship. The genetic similarity among these cultivars ranged from 66% to 91%, with a total of 68 bands produced, including 53 polymorphic bands, with an average of 7.57 bands per studied cultivar. The polymorphic ratio was 77%. It was found that primer ISSR 8932809 produced the highest number of bands, with 13 bands, while primer ISSR 8932804 produced the lowest number of bands (6), with an average of 9.71 bands per primer. The studied cultivars could be classified into groups according to the degree of genetic relationship.
- Mahmoud, H.I. (2019). Production of Deciduous Fruits. Dar Al Fajr for Publishing and Distribution. The Egyptian Arabic Republic, p. 266.
- Madadi, M., Zamani Z. and Fatahi, R. (2017). Assessment of Genetic Variation within Commercial Iranian Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Cultivars, Using ISSR and SSR Markers. Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol., 5, 22.
- Alani, O.M.T. and Al-Dulaimy, A.F.Z. (2024). Response of Rawa seedless pomegranate fruits to different types of packaging and spraying with calcium. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences,15(3), 310-323.
- Mohammad, A.A.R. and Abu Al-Saad, M.A.W.A. (1990). Deciduous Fruits, Authority of Technical Institutes, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Iraq.
- Central Statistical Organization, Summer Fruit Tree Production Report (2021). Agricultural Statistics Directorate. Ministry of Planning - Central Statistical Organization, Republic of Iraq.
- Almiahy, F.H. and Farouk, F.J. (2017). Evaluation of the genetic diversity of pomegranate accessionssome Iraqi Pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes using ISSR marker. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 10(8), 44-49.
- Hamdalla, S. (2009). The role of molecular techniques in genetic maps, genetic diversity and fingerprinting. Iraqi J. of Agric. Sci., 40(3), 50-62.
- Shaherli, M. and Al-Oubry K. (2004). Conservation of Genetic Resources of Plant Species in Syria, Project on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Agricultural Biodiversity in Dry Areas GEF, General Authority for Scientific Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Syria.
- Abdullah, G.and Ahmed M. M. (2010). Variation of morphological and pomological characters of some pomegranate genotypes in northwestern regions of syria. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 38(1), 1-12.
- Al Shawish, F., Hamed, F. and Al–Aisa. I. Evaluation of some qualitive and chemical characteristics for the most important pomegranate (Punica granatum) accessions in Yemen. Damascus University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 22(2), 227-241.
- Amar, M.H. and El-Zayat, M.A.S. (2017). Utilization of ISTR, ISSR and SRAP Molecular Markers to Reveal and Classify Egyptian Pomegranates (Punica granatum ). Plant Omics, 10(5), 237–246.
- Ansari, A., Narayanan, C., Syed, A.W., Randhir, K., Nidhi, S., and Suresh, S.K. (2012). ISSR markers for analysis of molecular diversity and genetic structure of Indian teak (Tectona grandis L.) populations. Annals of forest research,
- Farsani, M., Etemadi, N., Badraldin, E.S. and Majid, T. (2011). Assessment of genetic diversity of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) using ISSR markers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13(1), 383-392.
- Al-Jumaili, A.A., and Al-Dujaili, J.A.H. (1989). Fruit production. House of Wisdom, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad University, Iraq.
- Al-Mayahi, F.H.R. (2018). A study of genetic variation and the effect of some physiological treatments on the growth and yield of pomegranate and its content of medically active compounds. PhD thesis. faculty of Agriculture. Baghdad University.
- Weigand, F., Baum, M. and Udupa, S. (1993). DNA molecular marker techniques, technical manual No.20. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Area (ICARDA). Aleppo, Syria pp:135.
- Fazio, G., Staub, J.E. and Stevens, M.R. (2003). Genetic mapping and QTL analysis of horticultural traits in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) using recombinant cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using recombinant inbred lines. Theor. Appl., Genet. 107, 864-874.
- Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. and Tingey, S.V. (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18(22), 6531-6535.
- Vos, P., Hogers, R., Bleeker, M., Reijans, M., Van de Lee, T., Hornes, M., Frijters, A., Pot, J., Peleman, J. Kuiper, M. and Zabeau, M. (1995). AFLP: A new technique for DNA Nucleic Acids Research, 23(21), 4407– 4414.
- Bradeen, J.M., Staub, J.E., Wyse, C., Antonise, R. and Peleman, J. (2001). Towards an expanded and Integrated linkage map of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Genome, 44,111-119.
- Powell,W., Morgante, M., Andre, C., Hanafey, M., Vogel, J., Tingey, S. and Rafalski, A. (1996). The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers for germplasm analysis. Mol.Breed. 2, 225-238.
- Al Shawish, F., Hamed, F. and Al–Aisa, I. (2006). Evaluation of some qualitive and chemical characteristics for the most important pomegranate (Punica granatum) accessions in Yemen. Damascus University Journal of agriculture sciences, 22(2), 227-241.
- Al-Jaf, I.H.M., Mubarak, A.K., Al-Dulaimy, A.F.Z. and ALTaey, D.K.A. (2024).Variance Estimation and Genotypic, Phenotypic Correlation and Broad Heritability Percentage in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1371(042020, 1-8.
- Jbir, R., Melgarejo P., Hernández F., Haddioui A., and Hannachi, A.S. (2014). Efficiency of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers for the assessment of genetic diversity of Moroccan Pmegranate (Punica granatum) cultivars. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 56, 24-31.
', './data/kras/coversheet/811771182306.png'))
