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The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation

    Authors

    • Rebin Abdalrahman Qadir 1
    • Arsalan Azeez marif 2
    • Shalaw Abdalrahman Omer 1
    • Rebwar Ahmed Mustafa 3
    • Ardalan Jalal Majeed 1
    • Ribwar Ali Mohmmed 3

    1 Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ.

    2 Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    3 Garden Design Department, Bakrajo Technical Institute BTI, Sulaimani Polytechnic University SPU, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ

,

Document Type : Research Paper

10.58928/ku25.16316
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Abstract

The study conducted at Bakrajo Technical Institute in 2023, for evaluating the effects of different agricultural treatments on the growth, development, and productivity of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), aiming to identify the most effective practices for enhancing crop yield and health. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications, Then the comparison was done among the mean of the studied factors using DMRT test with four main treatments: humic acid, fulvic acid, biofertilizers, and Rimsulfuron herbicide at a 25% concentration. These treatments were applied at varying dosages to assess their impact on a value of agronomic traits, including plant height, number of branches, fruit yield, chlorophyll content, fresh fruit weight, shoot weight, and dry weight. The results demonstrated that humic acid and fulvic acid, when applied at 0.04 g plant-1, significantly improved the number of branches, indicating their role in stimulating vegetative growth. In contrast, higher doses of Rimsulfuron herbicide, particularly at 12 ml/plant, adversely affected both branch production and fruit yield, suggesting phytotoxic effects at elevated concentrations. Biofertilizers applied at 0.4 ml plant-1 had a positive influence on chlorophyll content and fresh fruit weight, supporting their role in enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and fruit development. However, when biofertilizers were combined with high levels of herbicide, a reduction in biomass accumulation was observed, pointing to negative interaction effects. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of selecting and balancing appropriate agricultural inputs to optimize plant performance. Humic acids and biofertilizers emerged as beneficial treatments for promoting growth and productivity, while excessive herbicide use was shown to impair plant health. The study highlights the critical need for integrated and judicious management of agricultural treatments to ensure sustainable crop production and recommends further research to determine optimal treatment combinations and dosages for maximizing tomato yield under similar growing conditions.

Keywords

  • Biofertilizers
  • humic acid
  • fulvic acid
  • Rimsulfuron herbicide
  • Tomato

Main Subjects

  • Soil science and water resources
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Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 16, Issue 3
September 2025
Page 131-142
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  • Article View: 232
  • PDF Download: 69

APA

Qadir, R., marif, A., Omer, S., Mustafa, R., Majeed, A., & Mohmmed, R. (2025). The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS), 16(3), 131-142. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16316

MLA

Rebin Abdalrahman Qadir; Arsalan Azeez marif; Shalaw Abdalrahman Omer; Rebwar Ahmed Mustafa; Ardalan Jalal Majeed; Ribwar Ali Mohmmed. "The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation". Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS), 16, 3, 2025, 131-142. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16316

HARVARD

Qadir, R., marif, A., Omer, S., Mustafa, R., Majeed, A., Mohmmed, R. (2025). 'The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation', Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS), 16(3), pp. 131-142. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16316

VANCOUVER

Qadir, R., marif, A., Omer, S., Mustafa, R., Majeed, A., Mohmmed, R. The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS), 2025; 16(3): 131-142. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16316

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