The study "aims to find out the effect of agricultural exploitation on the genetic and developmental status of some soils in Salah al-Din Governorate, as four bedons were selected, two of which are located in Tikrit University with gypsum soil Pedon and included (Pedon with is an agricultural exploiter irrigated with fresh water P1 and is not agricultural exploited P2) and tow pedon located in Baiji with sedimentary soils and included (Pedon with is an agricultural exploiter irrigated with fresh water P3 and Pedon is not exploited in agriculture P4). Fungi, and the results of the study showed The dominance of the sand Particles in all horizons of the Pedon in Tikrit site, and we notice an increase with the depth, as the Cky3 horizon of the pedon P1 gave the highest value of 520 (gm.Kg-1) As for sedimentary soils, it was dominant in separated silt, as its quantity on the horizon reached AP1 for pedon P3 (550 g. Kg-1). The results also indicate that thevalue of bulk density increased with depth, and its value in agricultural pedon was lower than that of unexploited soils. We observe the increase in gypsum with depth of ,but inversely proportional to calcium carbonate. The effect of agricultural exploitation on the available values of nitrogen and phosphorous, in the horizon AP1 of pedon P3 gave the highest value of (68.4 and 15.48) mg. kg-1, respectively, correlated directly with the organic matter and inversely with the depth, so there was a severe decrease in the preparation of bacteria and fungi with the depth of the horizon. In the subsurface, the highest value on the horizon was AP1 for pedon P3, which gave (5.66 x 106 - 1.2 x 105) cells. soil gm-1 for bacteria and fungi, respectively.