Abstract

This study aimed to identify specific types of some gastrointestinal helminthes and protozoa parasites that infect the Cyprinidae (Cyprinus carpio). During the growing period, 400 fish were randomly separated, with a length range of 35–40 cm and a weight range of 1000–1500 gm, from five spawning fish ponds in Sulaimani province: Mara Rash (P1), Qalachwalan (P2), Kandashin (P3), Kalawanan (P4), and Piramagrun (P5). Fish infection with parasites was found to be 30.25% prevalent overall, with a high distribution rate of infestation in the P3 region of 48.75%. Diphyllobothrium latum, Ligula intestinalis, and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi were identified as the three helminthes species, with an overall prevalence rate of 22.75%. P3 had the highest examination rate of helminthes, with 9.25% of the Ligula intestinalis species, 7.5% of Diphyllobothrium latum, and 6% of Bothriecephalus opsariichthydis (acheilognathi) species. The t-test revealed the largest differences, at p-value (two-tailed) < alpha 0.05, between the helminthes and protozoa parasites' prevalence and pond area. Three protozoa species have been identified, including Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica, and Eimeria spp. All spawning fish ponds had an overall prevalence rate of 7.75% of fish infested with protozoa; the greatest percentage was 2.75% for E. histolytica, followed by 2.5% for Eimeria spp., and 1.5% for Cryptosporidium spp. Based on the ponds, the most common protozoa-infested fish were 5% of E. histolytica in P1, 3.75% of Cryptosporidium spp. in P3, and 3.75% of Eimeria spp. in P5. The investigation demonstrates that 1% of the mixture in various ponds was afflicted with protozoa parasites.