Abstract

This study was conducted in one of the private orchards in Al-Anbar Governorate / Republic of Iraq during the 2024 season, where 54 homogeneous date palm trees were selected, planted systematically at a distance of 9×9 meters. The experiment was designed as a complete randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The study included three factors: the addition of nano NPK fertilizer at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 g per palm-1, a biostimulant at a concentration of 20 ml per liter, and spraying with seaweed extract at concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 ml liter-1. Statistical analysis results showed that the study factors achieved good results in vegetative growth and yield characteristics for the treated trees. The treatment with the biostimulant at a concentration of 20 ml per liter outperformed all treatments in terms of leaf chlorophyll content, which was 44.47 mg per 100 g of fresh weight, and the dry matter percentage in leaves, which was 56.78%. The average fruit weight was 10.81 g, and the total yield was 103.82 kg per palm. Meanwhile, the treatment with seaweed extract excelled in leaf area, measuring 3.116 m², and the percentage of carbohydrates, which was 18.47%. The results of the three-way interaction showed significant differences among the treatments, with the interaction treatment of nano fertilizer (100 g), the biostimulant (20 ml per liter), and seaweed extract (2 ml per liter) outperforming all other treatments for the studied traits.
Keywords: Date palm, Nano fertilization, Nano NPK, Biofertilizers, EM1، Effective microorganisms, Seaweed extracts.