,
Document Type : Research Paper
Abstract
The study was conducted in the Entomology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Forestry Sciences, College
of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, to study and identify the fungi associated with some forest tree seeds.
The identified fungi were Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., Fusarium sp., Macrophomina
phaseolina, Phoma sp. and Alternaria sp. The results of the isolation showed that the highest isolation rate was recorded
for the fungus Rhizopus sp. (46.66%) on the seeds of (Pinus eldarica), as well as Penicillium sp. at the same rate on the
seeds of Italian cypress (Cupressus sempervirens). The lowest isolation rate was recorded for the
fungi Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp. and Macrophomina phaseolina (6.66%) on the seeds of Eldarica pine (Pinus eldarica)
Brutia pine (Pinus brutia) and Eastern arborvitae (Biota orientalis). The effect of different concentrations of natural pine
resin showed that the fourth concentration (40%) had a significant effect in inhibiting all fungi. The highest inhibition rate
was recorded for the fungi Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. at the fourth concentration, reaching 100% for both fungi. The
lowest inhibition rate was recorded for Macrophomina phaseolina, which was 0% at both the first and second
concentrations, which did not differ significantly from the control treatment
- Abdelamonem, A.; M. Rasmi (2003). Survey Of Seed - Borne Diseases Of Woody Trees In Egypt Plant Pathology Research Institute. Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt Volume 29, Issue 7, July 2004, Page 3709-3718 DOI: 21608/jpp.2004.238673
- Muhammad A. ; Mustafa , (2009). Seed Mycoflora Of Shisham (Dalberga sissoo Roxb .) and Their Integrated Manegment . Doctoral Thesis, University Of Agriculture ,Faisalabad . DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.28572.92803
- Al-khayro .A.N. ; Ahmed .K.S.(2013). The inhibitory effect of root extracts of the Arak siwak trees, Salvadora Persica on fungi isolated from some seeds of forest trees , Mesopotamian Agriculture Journal ,volum 41. Issue 1.
- Ramadan .N.A; Faten .N.M; Janan .Q.K (2013). Isolation and identification of fungi associated with some mycologists associated patent oils and olive fruits. Research extracted from amsters thesis by the third researcher college of Science University of Mosul, Iraq.
- Thenmozhi, K.; M. Saradha; M. Manian, and S. Paulsamy, (2013).Invitro antimicrobiall potential of root extracts of medicinal plant species
- [Khalaf.J.M.(2012). testing the effect of the bacteria Pseudomonas flurescens and some plant extracts to combat the fungi R.solani and F.solani that cause pepper root rot, Masters thesis, Musayyib Technical College, Iraq.
- Hadiyane,A.,E. Sulistyawati,W.P. Asharina and R. Dungani. (2015). A Study on production of resin from Pinus merkusii Jungh. Et De Vriese in the Bosscha Observatory Area, West Java-Indonesia. Asian J. Plant Sci., 14(2): 89-93.
- Sharma, S.C., Prasad .N, Pandey .S.K. and Giri. S.K. (2018). Status of resin tapping and scope of improvement: review. Ama-Agr Asia AF., 49(3): 16-26.
- Salim, H., Rimawi .W.H., Shaheen .S. and Mjahed. A.( 2019). Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of extract from Palestinian Aleppo pine seeds, bark and cones. Asian J.Chem., 31(1): 143-14
- Abdul-Hussein.H.Abdul.J(2007). Study of the fungus Aspergillus flavus On corn grains.Zay Mays for the Basra Scholars Magazine (Al-Alamat), part(1),Issue 33.
- Pitt, J.I. and Hocking, A.D. (1997). Fungi and Food Spoilage, 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, Maryland. pp 593
- Sutton, B. C . (1980). The Coelomycetes. Commonw. Mycol. Inst., Kew, 696 pp.
- Fernandez, R. B. ; De Santiago A.; Delgado S. H. and Perez. M. (2006). Characterization of Mexican and non–Mexican isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina based on morphological characteristics, Pathogenicity on bean seeds and endoglucanase gene . Plant Pathology 88 :1
- Booth ,C.(1977).Fusarium Labortory guide to the identification of the major species .commonwealth Mycological Institute.Key,surrey, England .58pp
- [15] Leslie , J.F. and Summerell. B.A..( 2006) . The Fusarium Laboratory Manual photographs by Suzanne Bullock. .388pp.
- Barnett,H.L., Hunter B.B.( 2006). Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi Burgess publishing company 241pp.
- Gilman , E. F. and Watson. D. G. (2011) .Thuja occidentalis : White- Cedar.The environmental Horticulture , Florida Cooperative Extension Serivce , Insitute of Food and Agricultural Sciense, University of Florida
- Jalal al-Din.A.M; Najla.T.al-T and Nadal.D.Y(2006) .The effect of aqueous extracts of some plants on the fungus Alternaria.Al-Rafidin Science Magazine, Volume (17), Issue(10).
- A.J, and Rikar R.S . (1936). Introducation to research on plant diseases,, .J.S. Swift Co. Incorporation. Louis and New York, pp 117,
- Barth,M., Hankinson, T.R.; zhuang H. and Breidt F. (2009). Microbiological spoilage of fruits an vegetables. Springer scence food microbiology an food safety ,pp.135-18
- B.; Hozan.A.Abd and Nadeem.A.R(2018). Isolation and diagnosis of air fungi inside and outside schools in the city of Tikrit, Al-Rafidain Science Magazine, Volume 27, Issue4
- El-Wakil, D. A(2014). Seed-Borne Fungi of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus )and their Impact on Oil Quality. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science Volume 6, Issue 6 (Jan. 2014), PP 38-44
- Ellis, M.B. (1971). Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Kew, Surrey, England. 608 pp
- Moubasher, A. H. (1993). Soil Fungi in Qatar and other Arab Countries.The Center of Scientific and Applied Research. University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar. pp. 32-37.
- Toussoun, T.A., and Nelson .P.E, ( 1976). Apictorial Guide to the Identification of Fusarium species. 2 nd ed. Pennsylvania state University press, University park. 43p.
- Ashby, S. F. (1927). Macrophomina phaseoli (Maubl.) comb. nov. The Pycnidial stage of Rhizoctonia bataticola(Taub.) Butl. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. Butl. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 12:141–147.
- Watanabe, T . (1972). Pycnidium formation by fifty different isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina originated from soil or kidney bean seed. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn. 38:106–110.
- Lozovaya, V.V; Lygin A.V. ; Zernova O.V.; S. Li, Widholm J. M. and Hartman; G.L.
- (2006). ignin Degradation by Fusarium solani f. sp. Glycines plant Dis . 90 :pp. 77-82 doi: 10.1094/PD-90-007
- Mulaabida, R.Abdul.R.J.(2022). Diagnosis and control of the most important fungi causing the deterioration of some forest trees in the city of Mosul, doctoral thesis, University of Mosul,Iraq.
', './data/kras/coversheet/811771182306.png'))
