Authors
1
Kirkuk Agriculture Directorate, Kirkuk, Iraq.
2
Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
3
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
,
Document Type : Research Paper
Abstract
The research aims to determine awareness level among agricultural extension employees in Kirkuk Province of the importance of spraying sour orange trees with Brassinolide. It also aims to study the correlation among the awareness of agricultural extension employees in Kirkuk Province of the importance of spraying sour orange trees with Brassinolide and (age, educational attainment, length of service, workplace, and Participate in a training course).
The study involved all staff engaged in agricultural extension at the Kirkuk Agriculture Directorate Center and the Extension Training Center, totaling 60 employees. However, 20 of those employees were removed from the survey sample, leaving 40 employees who were included for the data collection aspect of the research. Data for the study was gathered through a questionnaire divided into two sections. The first section contained questions aimed at understanding the unique characteristics of the participants, while the second section featured a five-point Likert scale with 10 items. The information was collected through direct interviews and was then compiled and analyzed using various statistical techniques with SPSS software. The findings indicated that 60% of the agricultural extension workers had a moderate to low level of awareness regarding the significance of utilizing the growth regulator Brassinolide on sour orange trees. Additionally, there was a notable link observed between the agricultural extension workers' awareness in Kirkuk Province about the application of Brassinolide and factors such as years of experience, work location, and involvement in training courses. The study suggested organizing training sessions for agricultural extension staff to enhance their understanding of the importance of applying Brassinolide to sour orange trees.
- Al-Rawi, A., & Chalabi, A. (2018). Medicinal plants in Iraq. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
- shukur, L., & Muslah ALmohammedi, O. (2022). Response of two broccoli hybrids to spraying with selenium and brassinolide on some chemical properties. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences, 13(3), 217-229. doi: 10.58928/ku22.13317
- Ali, S., Khan, A. S., Waqas, M., Yasir, M., Hussain, A., & Sher, A. (2020). Exogenous application of brassinosteroids improves growth, yield and quality of tomato under salt stress. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 39(1), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-09968-w
- Anwar, S., Ali, A., Ali, M., & Awan, F. U. R. (2017). Role of brassinosteroids in improving growth and yield of horticultural crops. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 92(1), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2016.1237704
- Ashraf, M. A., Hussain, S., Nawaz, F., Mehmood, T., & Ashraf, M. Y. (2021). The role of extension employees in agricultural development: A review. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 19(3), 307-317. https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v19i3.24
- Khan, M. A., Khan, A. L., Waqas, M., Shahzad, R., Ali, B., Imran, M., & Lee, I. J. (2020). Plant growth regulators and their applications in horticultural crops: A review. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 95(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2019.1638337
- Tahir, N., & Ghadeb, A. (2021). The awareness of agricultural extension employees of the technique of magnetic treatment of irrigation water in Nineveh province. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences, 12(2), 21-30. doi: 10.58928/ku21.12203
- Dorward, A., & Dorward, J. (2015). Agricultural extension and advisory services: The crucial role of communication. Acta Horticulturae, (1088), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1088.6
- [Tey, Y. S., Li, E., Bruwer, J., Abdullah, A. M., Brindal, M., Radam, A., ... & Darham, S. (2017). Factors influencing the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices in developing countries: a review. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 16(2).
- Hussein, E. A., & Mohammad, K. A. (2023, April). Diffusion of Agricultural Ideas Through the Website of the Agricultural Extension and Training Department on the Social Networking “YouTube”. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 1158, No. 9, p. 092003). IOP Publishing.
- Olaoye, J. O. (2011). Awareness and adoption of plant growth regulators among extension agents in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 15(1), 78-87.
- Ghorbani, A., Koohpaei, A. R., & Mohammadi, H. (2018). Knowledge and attitude of extension agents towards the application of plant growth regulators in fruit production. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 20(4), 789-801.
- Aljubory, K. A., & Al-Hamouli, A. I. (2020). ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE TOWARDS USING THE INTERNET IN AGRICULTURAL WORK-A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EGYPT AND IRAQ. Plant Archives, 20(2), 945-965.
- Mohammed, K. A., & Mahmood, E. T. (2022, July). Attitude of Al-Qasimia Village Farmers in Hawija District/Kirkuk Province Toward Cultivation and Consumption White Eggplant. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 1060, No. 1, p. 012147). IOP Publishing.
- Laiq, T. (2016). Extension Knowledge needs for pomegranate growers in the application of agricultural techniuques in halabja province and its relation ship with some factors. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences, 7(4), 1-10. doi: 10.58928/ku16.07401
- Jalal, V., Mohammed, K., & ALMOHAMMEDI, O. (2022). THE AWARENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION EMPLOYEES IN KIRKUK PROVINCE TO THE NANO-FERTILIZER TECHNOLOGY. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences, 13(3), 1-12. doi: 10.58928/ku22.13301
- Glendenning, C. J., Babu, S. C., & Tripp, R. (2010). Closing the knowledge and innovation gap: Agricultural extension as a key element in rural development. IFPRI Discussion Paper 01044. International Food Policy Research Institute.
- Swanson, B. E. (2017). Global trends in agricultural extension and advisory systems. In Agricultural extension: Global trends and challenges (pp. 31-48). CAB International. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781786391417.0003
- Spielman, D. J., Ekboir, J., Davis, K., & O’Brien, R. (2017). Competing knowledge systems and the delivery of agricultural extension and advisory services. In Agricultural extension: Global trends and challenges (pp. 143-163). CAB International. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781786391417.0011
- World Bank. (2020). Iraq economic monitor, Fall 2020: Navigating a triple shock. World Bank Group.
- Al-Asadi SJ. Creativity of a scientific researcher in the humanities and social education sciences. 2nd ed. Warith Cultural Foundation, Department of Studies and Research, Iraq; 2008.
- Al-Rashidi BS. Educational research methods. 1st ed. College of Education, Kuwait University, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Hadithah; 2002.
- Allen, M. J., & Yen, W. M. (2002). Introduction to measurement theory. Long Grove, IL. JR. Fincham. JM. & Douglass. S.(1999). Practice and retention: A unifying analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning. Memory. and Cognition, 25, 1120-1136.
', './data/kras/coversheet/811771182273.png'))
