Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

Related Links

About Journal

FAQ

News

Journal Metrics

Effect of Different fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Components for two genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Calcareous Soil

,

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different type of fertilizers on growth, yield and yield components of maize plant, conducted at Qlyasan Agricultural Research Farm in Sulaimani governorate, Iraq. The study was conducted during the summer growing season in (2024). Experimental treatments have been organized and experiment was laid out in a randomized completely block design with three replicates. The treatments included seven levels of different fertilizers. 150 kg N ha-1, 150 kg P2O5 ha-1, 100 kg K ha-1, Organic fertilizer of cattle manure (10 Mg ha-1), Nano NPK (20:20:20) (0.4 g L-1) and NPK (20:20:20) chemical fertilizer (150 kg ha-1), and two genotypes of maize (Fajer and Medium). The results showed that the effect was significant at (P≤0.05) on the growth criteria of a maize plant. The experiment shows the effect of fertilizers in parameters, such as: Vegetative growth, Reproductive growth, Grain, and Yield parameters. Compared to Control, Urea is a very effective fertilizer for Vegetative and Reproductive growth, in plant height (183.01, leaf number (17.91), leaf area (446.32), spike length (22.37), row spike-1 (19.00), and spike diameter (5.02), compared to Control’s (159.98), (12.87), (356.00), (18.13), (13.67), and (4.22) respectively. Finally, in Grain and Yield parameters, Urea has a greater effect compared to control in Number of grain rows-1 (48.17), Number of grain spikes-1 (915.67), 100 grain weight g (29.43), Biological yield (Mg ha-1) (30.65), Grain yield (Mg ha-1) (14.20), and Harvest index % (46.74), compared to Control’s (32.67), (446.0), (22.98), (21.87), (5.38), and (24.94) respectively.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
  • Blanco-Valdes, Y., Cartaya-Rubio, O.E., Espina-Nápoles M., (2022). Effect of different ways of application of Quitomax® in the growth of corn. Agronomia Mesoamericana, 33(3), p.1, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v33i3.47246
  • Bijanzadeh, E., Naderi, R., Egan, T. P., (2019). Exogenous application of humic acid and salicylic acid to alleviate seedling drought stress in two corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42, pp. 1483-1945. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1617312
  • [3]. Balbaa Maha G., Awad A. M., (2013). Effect of humic acid and micronutrients foliar fertilization on yield, yield components and nutrients uptake of maize in calcareous soils. Journal of Plant Production, 4(5), pp. 773–785. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2013.73071
  • Shah, S. T., Zamir, S. I., Waseem, M., Ali, A., Tahir, M., Khalid, B. W., (2009). Growth and yield response of maize (Zea mays L.) to organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Science, 7, pp. 108-111. URL: https://pjlss.edu.pk/pdf_files/2009_2/2.pdf
  • Aslam, M., Iqbal, A., Zamir, M. I., Mubeen, M., Amin, M. (2011). Effect of different nitrogen levels and seed rates on yield and quality of maize fodder. Crop & environ, 2(2), pp. 47-51. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Muhammad-Mubeen-3

[6]. maruf, m. t., rasul, g. a. m., (2019). influence of humic acid and sulfur on the bioavailability of some micronutrients in calcareous soils. plant archives, 19, pp. 1785-1794. doi: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/muhamad-marufarbati 

  • Jakab, P., Komarek, L., (2017). The effect of foliar application of different fertilizers on technological and economical parameters of corn. Infrastructure and Ecology of Rural Areas, 3(1), pp. 923-934, DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.14597/infraeco.2017.3.1.071
  • Agegnehu, G., Bass, A.M., Nelson P.N., Bird, M. I., (2016). Benefits of biochar, compost and biochar-compost for soil quality, maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions in a tropical agricultural soil. Science of the Total Environment, 543, pp. 295–306. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.scitotenv.2015.11.054
  • Liu, E., Yan, C., Mei, X., He, W., Bing, S.H., Ding, L., Liu, Q., Liu S., Fan, T., (2010). Long-term effects of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China. Geoderma, 158, pp. 173–180. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.04.029
  • [Bokhtiar, S.M., Sakurai, K., (2005). Effects of organic manure and chemical fertilizer on soil fertility and productivity of plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane. Archives of Agronomy Soil Science, 51, pp. 325–334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340500098006
  • Singh, T.B., Ali, M., Prasad, M., Yadav, A., Shrivastav, P., Goyal, D., Dantu, P. K., (2020). Role of organic fertilizers in improving soil fertility. Contaminants in agriculture, pp. 61–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41552-5_3
  • Paustian, K., Lehmann, J., Ogle, S., Reay, D., Robertson, G.P., Smith, P., (2016). Climate-smart soils, 532, pp. 49–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ nature17174
  • Oldfield, E.E., Wood, S.A., Bradford, M. A., (2017). Direct effects of soil organic matter on productivity mirror those observed with organic amendments. Plant and soil, 423,  363–373. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11104-017-3513-5
  • Gravuer, K., Gennet, S., Throop, H. L., (2019). Organic amendment additions to rangelands: A meta-analysis of multiple ecosystem outcomes. Global Change Biology, 25, pp. 1152–1170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14535
  • Bratovcic, A., Hikal, W. M., Said-Al Ahl, H. A., Tkachenko, K. G., Baeshen, R. S., Sabra, A. S. and Sany, H., (2021). 'Nanopesticides and nanofertilizers and agricultural development: Scopes, advances and applications'. Open Journal of Ecology, 11(4), pp. 301-316.))
  • Shukla, P., Chaurasia, P., Younis, K., Qadri, O.S., Faridi, S.A., Srivastava, G., (2019). Nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture: Studies from seed priming to post-harvest management. Nanotechnology for Environmental Engineering, 4, p.11, doi:10.1007/s41204-019-0058-2.
  • Rameshaiah, G. N., Pallavi J., and Shabnam S., (2015). Nano fertilizers and nano sensors – an attempt for developing smart agriculture. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science, 3(1), pp. 314-320. URL: https://pnrsolution.org/Datacenter/Vol3/Issue1/40.pdf
  • Tarafdar J. C; R. Raliya; Mahawar H. and Rathore I., (2014). Development of zinc nanofertilizer to enhance cropproduction in 69 pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum). Agricultural Research, 3(3), pp. 257-262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-014-0113-y
  • Francis, C. A., Rutger, J. N., Palmer, A. F., (1969). A rapid method of plant leaf area estimation in maize (Zea mays, L.). Crop Science, 9(5), pp. 537-539. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1969.0011183X000900050005x
  • Wasonga, C. J., Sigunga, D. O., Musandu, A. O., (2008). Phosphorous requirements by maize varieties in different soil types of western Kenya. African Crop Science Journal, 16(2), pp. 161-173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v16i2.54361
  • [21]. Rahmawati, R., (2017). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Maize Composite Variety Lamuru. Agrotech Journal, 2(2), pp. 36-41. URL: http://usnsj.com/index.php/ATJ/article/view/2.2
  • Karasu, A., (2012). 'Effect of nitrogen levels on grain yield and some attributes of some hybrid maize cultivars (Zea mays indentata Sturt.) grown for silage as second crop'. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 18(1), pp. 42-48.
  • Türk, M., Alagöz, M., (2018). The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and quality in the sweet maize. 61, pp. 408-411.URL: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahjahan-A-S/publication/329519434_EFFECT_OF_LOW_TEMPERATURE_ON_DIAPAUSE_EGGS_OFDysdercus_cingulatus/links/5c2a3345a6fdccfc70741fa3/EFFECT-OF-LOW-TEMPERATURE-ON-DIAPAUSE-EGGS-OFDysdercus-cingulatus.pdf#page=408
  • Omar, S., Abd Ghani, R., Khaeim, H., Sghaier, A., Jolánkai, M., (2022). 'The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)'. Acta Alimentaria, pp. 249-258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2022.00022
  • Ali, N., Anjum, M. M., (2017). Effect of different nitrogen rates on growth, yield and quality of maize, Middle East J. Agric, 6(1), pp. 107-112. URL: https://www.curresweb.com/mejar/mejar/2017/107-112.pdf
  • Woldesenbet, M. and Haileyesus, A., (2016). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in Decha district, Southwestern Ethiopia. International Journal of Research-Granthaalayah, 4(2), pp. 95-100. URL: https://www.granthaalayahpublication.org/journals/index.php/granthaalayah
  • Thant, K. P., Ngwe, K., Moe, K., Win, T., (2024). Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.). Asian Soil Research Journal, 8(2), pp. 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/asrj/2024/v8i2146
  • Hejazi, L., Soleymani, A., (2014). Effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield of forage corn cultivars in Isfahan, pp .608-614 URL: https://www.sid.ir/EN/VEWSSID/J_pdf/57000020140309.pdf
  • Hammad, H. M., Chawla, M. S., Jawad, R., Alhuqail, A., Bakhat, H. F., Farhad, W., Khan, F., Mubeen, M., Shah, A. N., Liu, K., (2022). Evaluating the impact of nitrogen application on growth and productivity of maize under control conditions, Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, pp. 885479. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.885479
  • Hafez, E., Abdelaal, K. A., (2015). Impact of nitrogen fertilization levels on morphophysiological characters and yield quality of some maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). J. Agron, 37(1), pp. 35-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/agro.2015.62
  • Imran, S., Arif, M., Khan, A., Khan, M. A., Shah, W., Latif, A., (2015). Effect of nitrogen levels and plant population on yield and yield components of maize. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 3(2), pp. 1-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000170
  • Ibrahim, F., Anjembe, B., Usman, M., Obam, J., (2022). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth and yield of maize in Makurdi-Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture & Ecosystem Management, 2(1), pp. 8-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36265/jonages.2022.010205
  • Law-Ogbomo, K. E., LAW-OGBOMO, J. E., (2009). The performance of Zea mays as influenced by NPK fertilizer application. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 1(1), pp. 59-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb113459
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 16, Issue 3
September 2025
Page 112-121
Files
Share
Export Citation
Statistics