[1].Al-Mehmdy, S., Aldulaimy, S., & Aljanabi, M. (2018). “Impact of surface drip irrigation manners and allowed moisture depletion percent on potato growth and yield”. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 25, 503 - 510. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2018.1547344
[2].Aziz, K. S., Alshamary, W. F., & Tahir, H. T. (2025). “The Effect of Subsurface Drip Irrigation, the Addition of Compost and Moisture Depletion on some Physical Characteristics and Potato Productivity”. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,
[3].AbdulKarem, B., & Dheyab, A. (2024). “The Influence Of Operating Pressure In Solid Sprinkler Irrigation System, Moisture Depletion And Soil Pulverization At Mean Weight Diameter Of Clay Soil”. *International Journal of Biological Engineering and Agriculture *. https://doi.org/10.51699/ijbea.v3i3.61
[4].AlShamary, W. F., & Sharif, Y. O. N. A. (2025). “Effect of Moisture Depletion Rate and Irrigation Water Depth on the Productivity and Water Use Efficiency of Soybean Crop (Glycine max L.) Merr”. under Drip Irrigation and Fixed Sprinkler Irrigation Systems. Science Digest, 1, 6.
[5].Drobitko, А., Kachanova, T., Markova, N., & Malkina, V. (2024). “Modern cultivation technologies in improvement of maize quality”. UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE.https://doi.org/10.56407/bs.agrarian/1.2024.19.
[6].Alobaidy, A. S., Tahir, H. T., & Alshamary, W. F. (2025). “Evaluation of Some Hydraulic Parameters, Moisture Distribution, Growth and Yield of Aubergine Grown in Greenhouses Under the Influence of Conditioners and Subsurface Drip Irrigation Emitter Type”. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,
[7].Sabah, S. H., Tahir, H. T., & Karim, T. H. (2023, December). “Interactive effects of emitter type, water salinity, and deficit irrigation on of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L) with evaluating drip irrigation system”. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1252, No. 1, p. 012064). IOP Publishing.
[8].Rahim, T., & Abdulqader, R. (2024). “Index on Primary Metabolites and Maize Yield Producutivity”. Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences, 15(3), 264-271.
[9].Ahmed, A. A., Al-Abassi, K., Wael, F., Ali, K. K., & Monnem, S. K. A. (2022). “Effect of plant density and foliar spray of zinc on vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.)”. Research on Crops, 23(4), 776-780.
[10]. Tahir, H. T., Wahab, A.-S. A., & Ameen, N. H. (2020). “Performance study of emitter materials types on cucumber cultivers under drip irrigation system”. AIP Conference Proceedings,
[11]. Christiansen, J. E. (1942). Irrigation by sprinkling (Vol. 4). University of California Berkeley.
[12]. Hassan, K. M., Thaher, H. T., & Almuhamade, O. H. (2017). “Effect of Water pressure in drip irrigation and potato cultivars” (Solanum tuberosum L.) in growth, yield and qulity under fall season conditions in Kirkuk Governovate. Krkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS), 8(5) Appendix .
[13]. Alshamary, W. F. A., & Noori, N. E. (2024). “The study explores the scheduling methods for irrigation water and its role in percentagenalizing water use in response to climate change”. Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 15(1), 156-164. https://doi.org/10.58928/ku24.15123
[14]. Al-Hadithi, Essam Khudhair, Ahmed Al-Kubaisi and Yas Khudhair Al-Hadithi .2010. “Modern irrigation technologies and other topics in the water issue”. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. University of Anbar. College of Agriculture.
[15]. Hajim, Ahmed Yusuf and Haqi Ismail Yassin, 1992. “Engineering of Field Irrigation systems, Bookshop for printingand publishing”. Mosul University.
[16]. Kemper, W.D.; and W.S. Chipil. 1965. Size distribution of Soil analysis. Agron. mono No. 9(1) Am. Soc. Agr, Madison, Wisconsin.U.S.A.:499-510
[17]. Youker, R.E. and S.L. McGuines. (1958). “A short method of obtaining mean weight diameter values of aggregate analysis of soil”. Soil Sci. 83; 291-294.
[18]. Al-Sahouki, Madhat Majeed 1990. “Yellow Maize - Its Production and Improvement”, University of Baghdad
[19]. Howell. T.A. 2003. “Irrigation efficiency. Encyclopedia of Water Science”, published by Marcel Dekker, New York. USA. 10:467-472.
[20]. Zhang, T., Zou, Y., Kisekka, I., Biswas, A., & Cai, H. (2021). “Comparison of different irrigation methods to synergistically improve maize’s yield, water productivity and economic benefits in an arid irrigation area”. Agricultural Water Management, 243, 106497.
[21]. Mohamed Ali Khalaf, & Adel Ahmed Abdel. (2021). “Performance of dripper types and operating pressure levels on the response of two cucumber cultivars (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) under drip irrigation system”. Journal of Kirkuk University for Agricultural Sciences, 12(3).
[22]. Wang, Y., Lei, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., & Wu, T. (2023). “Factors affecting the stability of soil aggregates of plinthosols in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River”. CATENA. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107159
[23]. Liu, C., Zou, H., Liu, G., Xia, X., Zhang, Q., Dan, C., Li, H., Guo, Z., Zhang, Y., & Wu, J. (2024). “Response of soil aggregate disintegpercentagen to antecedent moisture during splash erosion”. CATENA. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107633
[24]. Zhou, P., Zhang, X., Liu, X., Guo, M., Chen, Z., Qi, J., Wang, L., Zhang, S., Wan, Z., & Xu, J. (2024). “Quantifying the contributions of factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of soil aggregate stability and erodibility in a Mollisol watershed”. CATENA. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.107941.
[25]. Wang, Y., Zhang, P., Zhou, J., Xu, L., Li, R., & Sun, H. (2021). “Factors controlling spatial variation in soil aggregate stability in a semi-humid watershed”. Soil and Tillage Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105187.
[26]. Oudah, B. M., & Abd Al-Kellabi, H. G. (2023). “The Effect of some Irrigation Methods and Moisture Depletion percent in the Growth and Productivity of Maize”. Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 15(1), 124-134
[27]. Hillel, D. (2003). “Introduction to environmental soil physics. Elsevier”.
[28]. Osakabe, Y., Osakabe, K., Shinozaki, K. and Tran, L.S.P., 2014. “Response of plants to water stress”. Frontiers in plant science, 5, p.86
[29]. Xi, Y., & Schubert, E. F. (2004). “Junction–temperature measurement in GaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes using diode forward voltage method”. Applied Physics Letters, 85(12), 2163-2165.
[30]. Hongguang, C., , W., Zhang, X., Ping, J., Xiaogong, Y., Jianzhao, L., Jingchao, Y., Lichun, W., & Jun, R. (2014). “Effect of subsoil tillage depth on nutrient accumulation, root distribution, and grain yield in spring maize”. Crop Journal, 2, 297-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CJ.2014.04.006
[31]. El-Mesery, A., Abdrabou, F., Sultan, W., & Zabady, F. (2022). “Hydraulic performance analysis of subsurface drip irrigation for turf grass within different types of driplines”. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Engineering. https://doi.org/10.21608/azeng.2022.278936
[32]. Haghjoo, M., & Bahrani, A. (2015). “Grain yield, dry matter remobilization and chlorophyll content in maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by nitrogen and water deficit”. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 44(3), 359-356.
[33]. Oudah, B., & Al-Kellabi, H. (2023). The Effect of some Irrigation Methods and Moisture Depletion percent in the Growth and Productivity of Maize. Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences. https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3703
[34]. Amer, K. Z. (2019). “The Effect of Tillage Systems on Some Machinary Unit Performance Indicatars and Oil Maize Yield”. Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal, 11(1), 126-135.
[35]. Al-Yasiri, Q. B., Ndewi, D. R., & Dheyab, A. H. (2019). “Effect of some Drip Irrigation System Design Parameters and some Soil Properties Relation to System Performance Evaluation, Growth and Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity”. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32, 360-372.
[36]. Sharu, E. (2021). “Hydraulic Performance Analysis of Drip Irrigation System Using Pressure Compensated Dripper at Low Operating Pressure”. Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.36877/aafrj.a0000225
[37]. Prajapat, A., Choudhary, R., Kumhar, M., & Saxena, R. (2020). “Consumptive Use, Water Use Efficiency”, Moisture Depletion Pattern of Wheat under Semi-arid Eastern Plain Zone of Rajasthan. Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5092
[38]. Ahmed, S. (2023). “Effect of different irrigation water regimes on water productivity of wheat crop”. Pure and Applied Biology. https://doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2023.120149
[39]. Wang, L., Guo, H., Cheng, D., & Wang, L. (2022). “Suitable Tillage Depth Promotes Maize Yields by Changing Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in A 3-Year Experiment in the North China Plain”. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215134
[40]. Sun, J., Bao, H., Wang, Z., Gao, J., Zhang, F., Hu, S., & Fan, Y. (2018). “Maize Canopy Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Growth, and Yield Responses to Tillage Depth”. Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY9010003
[41]. Alwana, H. H. (2022). “Evaluating the Performance of Locally Used and Produced Drip Irrigation Systems”. Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences, 2(1), 31-43.
