Co-inoculation of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas fluorescens 5B1 to enhance the growth and nutrient uptake of two varieties of Solanum tuberosum

Volume 17, Issue 1
Winter 2026
Page 115-123

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Dept. Horticulture and Landscape Design- Coll. Agric. Eng. Sci. University of Salahaddin

2 Dept. Soil and Water - Coll. Agric. Eng. Sci. University of Salahaddin

Abstract
Water shortages limit potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in drought-prone areas, underscoring the need for low-input solutions to enhance crop drought resistance. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an environmentally friendly and promising solution. In this study, Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 5B1 were isolated and identified using microscopical, cultural, biochemical, and molecular techniques by 16S rRNA sequencing. A. xylosoxidans and P. fluorescens were assessed for their ability alone and in combination to increase drought resistance, growth, and nutrient uptake of Harry and Sefra potato under drought stress in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The results showed that Co-inoculation with (Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 5B1) bacteria had the highest effect on potato growth and nutrient uptake (plant length 47cm, root length 65.33cm, 30.33 tubers, weight of tuber 850g, carbohydrates 1.67 %, protein 31.75%, carotene 2.98% and total chlorophyll 0.422% ), while the lowest effect was recorded by Achromobacter xylosoxidans (plant length 34cm, root length 49.33cm, 23.33 tubers, weight of tuber 490.66g, carbohydrates 1.088%, protein 14.60%, carotene 2.47% and total chlorophyll 0.279%) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (plant length 39cm, root length 54.33cm, 26.33 tubers weight of tuber 644.66g, carbohydrates 1.6268%, protein 19.69%, carotene 2.65% and total chlorophyll 0.396%) compare to controlled treatment (untreated) that is (plant length 53.33 cm, root length 65.33cm, 27.66 tubers, weight of tuber 866.66g, carbohydrates 1.944%, protein 35.13%, carotene 2.66% and total chlorophyll 0.478%) . Depending on the above results, it can be concluded that Pseudomonas fluorescens5B1 and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. It can be used as a biofertilizer to enhance plant growth and nutrient uptake, instituting a more sustainable approach to chemical fertilizers.

Keywords

Subjects
[1]. Adekanmbi T, Wang X, Basheer S, Liu S, Yang A, Cheng H. Climate change impacts on global potato yields: a review. Environmental Research: Climate. 2024;3(1):012001.
[2]. Batool T, Ali S, Seleiman MF, Naveed NH, Ali A, Ahmed K, et al. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria alleviates drought stress in potato in response to suppressive oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activities. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):16975.
[3]. Khudhur AM, Yaseen HS. The combined Application of Iron and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria to enhance Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield. Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2022;34(6):116-24.
[4]. Mahmud KK, Khudhur AM. Transferring of Exopolysaccharide (EPS) Gene Cluster from Rhizobium leguminosarum to Pseudomonas fluorescens by Horizontal Gene Transfer Techniques. Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2021;33(6):100-11.
[5]. Zbinden A, Bottger E, Bosshard P, Zbinden R. Evaluation of the colorimetric VITEK 2 card for identification of gram-negative nonfermentative rods: comparison to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2007;45(7):2270-3.
[6]. Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schäffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, et al. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic acids research. 1997;25(17):3389-402.
[7]. Rawaa A, Hichem H, Labidi S, Jeddi FB, Mhadhbi H, Naceur D. Influence of biofertilizers on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and physiological modulations for water and fertilizers managing. South African Journal of Botany. 2024;174:125-37.
[8]. Singh R, Kaur S, Bhullar SS, Singh H, Sharma LK. Bacterial biostimulants for climate smart agriculture practices: Mode of action, effect on plant growth and roadmap for commercial products. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment. 2024;3(1):e12085.
[9]. Nishu SD, No JH, Lee TK. Transcriptional response and plant growth promoting activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens DR397 under drought stress conditions. Microbiology Spectrum. 2022;10(4):e00979-22.
[10].  Lal M, Kumar A, Chaudhary S, Singh R, Sharma S, Kumar M. Antagonistic and growth enhancement activities of native Pseudomonas spp. against soil and tuber-borne diseases of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control. 2022;32(1):22.
[11].  Chieb M, Gachomo EW. The role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in plant drought stress responses. BMC plant biology. 2023;23(1):407.
[12].  Weller DM. Pseudomonas biocontrol agents of soilborne pathogens: looking back over 30 years. Phytopathology. 2007;97(2):250-6.
[13].  Janda JM, Abbott SL. 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification in the diagnostic laboratory: pluses, perils, and pitfalls. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2007;45(9):2761-4.
[14].  Casanova E, Valdés AE, Fernández B, Moysset L, Trillas MI. Levels and immunolocalization of endogenous cytokinins in thidiazuron-induced shoot organogenesis in carnation. Journal of plant physiology. 2004;161(1):95-104.