Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Influence of Soaking With Salicylic Acid (SA) and Spraying With Calcium Nitrate (CaNO3) on Growth, Flowering, and Bulbs of Three Hyacinthus Orientalis Cultivars

https://doi.org/10.58928/ku26.17120
Volume 17, Issue 1
Winter 2026
Page 174-182
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Bayan Zaki Abdulkareem 1
Yousif Ali Abdulrahman 2

1 Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design / Agricultural Engineering Sciences / Salahaddin University -Erbil Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2 College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Dohuk University

Abstract
This study was conducted out in Pirmam /Erbil Governorate for the period from October 15th 2024 to May 25th 2025. To study the effect of salicylic acid soaking and calcium nitrate spraying on growth, flowering, and bulbs of three Hyacinthus orientalis cultivars includes: (Fondant, Carnegie, Blue jacket), bulbs were soaked with different concentrations of salicylic acid primer (0 and 100 mgL-1) for 24 hour. Different concentrations of CaNO3 (0, 500, 1000) mgL-1 were treated using foliar spray. A field experiment was carried out according to Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD).

Results indicated that the cultivars had a significant effect the highest values of 37.72 days, 10.77 cm and 50.00 cm3 for sprouting date, length flowers spike and bulb size, respectively, were recorded for Blue jacket cultivar, and the highest values of 27.38 cm, 155.35 cm2 3.39 g and 19.28 days were recorded for plant height, leaf area, leaves dry weight and flower coordination date, respectively, of Fondant cultivar, while Carnegie cultivar recorded the highest value for flowering date 112.11 days.

The bulbs of the Fondant cultivar soaked in 100 mgL-1 of SA and sprayed with 1000 mgL-1 of calcium nitrate gave the highest values of plant height, leaf area, leaves dry weight and chlorophyll content 29.20 cm, 180.12 cm2, 5.33 g and 57.26, respectively. Also, the higher values reaching 113.00 days for the bulbs of Blue jacket cultivar not soaked in SA and sprayed with 1000 mg.l-1 concentration of calcium nitrate. The results of length of flower spikes and bulbs size showed a clear significant difference among treatments, where the highest significant value of 11.97 cm and 57.00 cm3 were recorded in Blue jacket cultivar bulbs soaked in 100 mgL-1 of SA and sprayed with 1000 mg.L-1 of calcium nitrate.

Keywords

Salicylic acid
Calcium nitrate
Cultivars
Hyacinthus
Plants
Subjects
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