Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Impact of Local Qazwan (Pistacia Atlantica) Fruit Powder and Oil in Broiler Diet as Natural Antioxidant on Growth, Behavior, Physiological and Antioxidant Status of Broiler

https://doi.org/10.58928/ku26.17217
Volume 17, Issue 2
Spring 2026
Page 156-162
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Mahbuba Abdulghani Mustafa 1
Shokhan Mustafa Ahmed 2

1 Dept/ College of Agricultural engineering science/Salahaddin University-Erbil

2 Department of Animal Resources, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil

Abstract
This evaluated the high functional properties of using local Qazwan (Pistacia atlantica) unripe fruit powder and ripe fruit oil as antioxidant on body performance, morphohistology, hematology, antioxidant and immune status in broiler chicks’ diet at age 35 days. The chicks were randomly distributed in 6 treatments: T0- Control: without adding (basal diet), [synthetic antioxidant: T1- BHT 150 mg/kg basal diet (butyl-hydroxy-toluene)], [Natural antioxidant: T2 (2.5 g Qazwan fruit powder/ kg diet), T3 (5 g Qazwan fruit powder/ kg diet), T4 (0.5 ml Qazwan oil / kg diet), T5 (1 ml Qazwan oil/ kg diet)].
The results achieved significantly higher body performance, body weight, and body weight gain, production index (PI), and feasibility (economic profit), histomorphology (small intestine relative length villus width, villus length (VH), crypt depth (CD), and Goblet cells numbers), and antibodies titter against New castle diseases (ND), Infectious bursal diseases-Gambro (IB), and Infection bronchitis virus (IBV), Hormones (Thyroxin(T4), Triiodothyronine (T3), and Growth), protein profile (total protein, and Globulins), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and antioxidant enzymes activities (GSH-px, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and Catalase), also improvement in feed convention ratio (FCR). However, mortality percentage, birds’ aggressiveness, lipid profile, triglyceride, total cholesterol high (TCH), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) had significantly decreased in all treatments of natural, and then synthetic antioxidant compared of T0 control group. Moreover, the livability percentage was non-significantly in all treatments. The oil additive of Qazwan then powder show the fulfillments compared with the BHT and the control.

Keywords

Qazwan
body performance
behavior
physiological
immunity
broiler
Subjects
 
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