Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

Keyword Index

A

AMMI Analysis Using AMMI Analysis to Select the Most Stable and Productive Varieties in Plant Breeding Programs. Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 233-239]
Adhesion Studying some mechanical indicators of grain drill at different soil moisture and seeding speed [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 11-18]
Agricultural Knowledge needs of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate in the field of producing green fodder grown from barley seeds [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 61-66]
Agricultural The reality of the extension tasks provided to agricultural employees to improve extension work in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 96-102]
Agricultural The determinants that hinder the role of agricultural extension in performing its tasks from the point of view of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 166-175]
Agricultural Extension Awareness of agricultural extension employees in Kirkuk province regarding the importance of spraying sour orange trees with the growth regulator Brassinolide [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 10-17]
Agricultural Extension Farmers` application level of pro-environmental agricultural technology in the field of integrated pest management in Duhok governorate/ Iraqi Kurdistan [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 122-130]
Agricultural Extension The Role Of Agricultural Extension Centers In Tomato Production And Marketing In Sulaymaniyah Governorate In Kurdistan Region- Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 1-9]
Agricultural Extension Centers The Role Of Agricultural Extension Centers In Tomato Production And Marketing In Sulaymaniyah Governorate In Kurdistan Region- Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 1-9]
Agricultural Extension Centers b The Effectiveness Of Human Resource Management Practices In Achieving The Objectives Of Agricultural Extension Centers In Sulaymaniyah Governorate In Kurdistan Region/Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 41-50]
Agricultural Uses A hydrological study to evaluate Groundwater quality and its suitability for irrigation purpose in Kharayeb Al-Sheikh area using geographic information systems within Western desert, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 150-161]
Agricultural district A survey of the diversity of harmful weeds and their vegetative density spread in some agricultural district within dry environment - Anbar Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 139-149]
Agricultural extension workers The Effectiveness Of Human Resource Management Practices In Achieving The Objectives Of Agricultural Extension Centers In Sulaymaniyah Governorate In Kurdistan Region/Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 41-50]
Agricultural planning. Green space Urban Agricultural planning, Green and Open Spaces and its Impact on Sustainable development in Kurdistan Region of Iraq/ Duhok City: the case of Shindokha Area [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 176-190]
Agro-Ecosystems Impact of Silver Nano particles on the Yield and Yield component of Oat (Avena sativa L.)varieties under two Argo - Ecosystems [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 103-111]
Allometric equation Estimating Biomass and Carbon Sequestration of Stem and Branches of Pinus brutia Ten. Trees in Duhok Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 129-138]
Alternaria sp Effect of soil treatment with pathogenic fungi on the growth parameters and production of wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 115-122]
Anbar governorate A hydrological study to evaluate Groundwater quality and its suitability for irrigation purpose in Kharayeb Al-Sheikh area using geographic information systems within Western desert, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 150-161]
Anbar governorate A survey of the diversity of harmful weeds and their vegetative density spread in some agricultural district within dry environment - Anbar Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 139-149]
Antioxidant Anticancer Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and anticancer properties of wild Artemisia haussknechtii in Sulaymaniyah-Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 115-123]
Antioxidant capacity Development and characterization of mint powder (Mentha spicata L.)-fortified functional yoghurt: Physicochemical, sensory properties, and shelf-life assessment [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 176-183]
Antioxidants Growth performance, Meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of Awassi lamb fed diet supplemented with Rosemary oil [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 67-73]
Apple Response of Ibrahimi apple trees to boron and nano-iron injection, as well as the application of seaweed extract [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 74-82]
Awassi A comparative study of the changes in some physiological characteristics in Awassi ewes dosed with aqueous extract of green tea with a mixture of vitamins A and E [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 189-195]
Awassi lamb Growth performance, Meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of Awassi lamb fed diet supplemented with Rosemary oil [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 67-73]
Azospirillum Effect of biofertilizers in increasing sunflower crop productivity: A review [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 47-51]
Azotobacter Effect of biofertilizers in increasing sunflower crop productivity: A review [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 47-51]
Azotobacter Chemical characterstic's response of Damask Rosa (Rosa damascene Mill) to Biofertilizer (azotobacter) and culture media [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 30-35]
Azotobacter chrococcum Effect of Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Different NP Levels [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 192-204]
Azotobacter chroococcum Chemical characterstic's response of Damask Rosa (Rosa damascene Mill) to Biofertilizer (azotobacter) and culture media [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 30-35]

B

B Response of Ibrahimi apple trees to boron and nano-iron injection, as well as the application of seaweed extract [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 74-82]
BA Concentrations Impact of Different Zinc Levels and Benzyl Adenine Concentrations Applied as Foliar Spray on the Vegetative Growth of Two Zinnia elegans Cultivars [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 246-253]
BAP Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]
BHT Using celery seed as a natural antioxidant with synthetic antioxidant (BHT) on the productive and physiological performance of laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 138-144]
Bacillus subtilis Effectiveness of biocontrol activity against two Phaeoacremonium species involved in grapevine pruning wound infection [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 183-191]
Bacillus subtilus Isolation and characterization of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria in Erbil Governorate soils [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 88-95]
Bacterial cellulose Characterization of Composite of Silver Nanoparticles with Local Bacterial Cellulose and Determine Its Inhibitory Effects against some Pathogenic Bacteria [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 1-9]
Bacterial conjugation Transfer of Rhizobium leguminosarum nodD1 and nodG, and Azotobacter chroococcum nifH1 and nifV, into Bacillus megaterium using physicochemical and molecular techniques. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 79-89]
Bacterial transformation Transfer of Rhizobium leguminosarum nodD1 and nodG, and Azotobacter chroococcum nifH1 and nifV, into Bacillus megaterium using physicochemical and molecular techniques. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 79-89]
Bio Fertilizer A comparative study of Bio, nano NPK with Granular NPK fertilizers on growth and yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum anuum) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 75-90]
Biochar Role of Salicylic Acid, Biochar, and Their Combinations in Improving Physiological Characteristics of Broad Bean and Decreasing Cadmium Stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 216-229]
Biochemical A comparative study of the changes in some physiological characteristics in Awassi ewes dosed with aqueous extract of green tea with a mixture of vitamins A and E [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 189-195]
Biochemical Traits Genetic Correlation of Product, Egg Quality and Biochemical Traits of Lohmann Brown Laying Hens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 162-168]
Biodiversity Assessment of Soil Seed Bank Diversity Across North and South Facades in Shaqlawa Natural Rangeland, Erbil Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 10-17]
Biodiversity indicators The Impact Of Environmental Changes On Plant Diversity Of Mount Gara For (2014-2024) A.D. In Dohuk Governorate, Northern Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 55-62]
Biofertilizers Effect of biofertilizers in increasing sunflower crop productivity: A review [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 47-51]
Biofertilizers Effect of nano NPK fertilizer ,EM1 fertilizer and sea weed extract on some growth and yield characteristics of date palm CV Khastawi [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 52-60]
Biofertilizers The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 131-142]
Biofertilizers Effect of Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Different NP Levels [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 192-204]
Biomass estimation Estimating Biomass and Carbon Sequestration of Stem and Branches of Pinus brutia Ten. Trees in Duhok Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 129-138]
Biostimulants Effect of Organic Fertilizer Bio Health and Nano Calcium on the Growth and Yield of Fig Trees Ficus carica L. c.v Waziri under Greenhouse Conditions [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 210-217]
Biostimulators Influence of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Different Phosphorus Levels on Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 147-155]
Biosynthesis Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plants: A Comprehensive Review [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 72-78]
Biplot Analysis Using AMMI Analysis to Select the Most Stable and Productive Varieties in Plant Breeding Programs. Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 233-239]
Black carpenter ant The insecticidal effect of tobacco and rosemary plant powders on black carpenter ant Componotus Sp (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 109-114]
Blackberry Callus Induction and artificial Seed production in Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) Using Tissue Culture Techniques [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 205-211]
Body performance Growth performance, Meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of Awassi lamb fed diet supplemented with Rosemary oil [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 67-73]
Body weight Comparative study of production performance and meat quality of two different local chicks, [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 90-98]
Bone Evaluation of different induce forced resting events in some bone and ovary characteristics of commercial laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 14-17]
Breakdown Advances in corrosion and abrasive wear resistance of agricultural machinery [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 203-209]
Broad bean Effect of Nano-zinc EDTA, Methods of Application and Salicylic Acid, on Growth Characteristics and Productivity of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 230-245]

C

Cabbage Effect of Bio-health and Hum-Zinc Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Two Cabbage hybrids (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata) under Plastic house [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 96-105]
Cadmium stress Role of Salicylic Acid, Biochar, and Their Combinations in Improving Physiological Characteristics of Broad Bean and Decreasing Cadmium Stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 216-229]
Calcareous Soil Effect of soil Amelioration on Fungal and Bacteria Communities in Kurdistan Calcareous Land [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 165-175]
Calcareous Soil Water Chemistry and Soil Type as Key Factors in Ion Pair Formation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 124-137]
Calcareous Soil Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 39-47]
Calcic horizon Study of Some Morphological and Pedological Properties of the Soils in Dawodi Plain , Tooz Khurmato, Salah Al-Din [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 210-222]
Capsicum annuum L A comparative study of Bio, nano NPK with Granular NPK fertilizers on growth and yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum anuum) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 75-90]
Carcass Growth performance, Meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of Awassi lamb fed diet supplemented with Rosemary oil [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 67-73]
Cardamom The Effects of Green Cardamom on Sex Hormones In Karadi Male Lambs [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 36-39]
Carpocoris, plant pest, hibernation, aestivation, Safin Mountain, Study of aestivation and hibernation of Carpocoris coreanus Distant, 1899 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Safin Mountain in Erbil – Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 1-5]
Celery seed Using celery seed as a natural antioxidant with synthetic antioxidant (BHT) on the productive and physiological performance of laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 138-144]
Cell line Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and anticancer properties of wild Artemisia haussknechtii in Sulaymaniyah-Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 115-123]
Chemical Fertilizer Effect of Different fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Components for two genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 112-121]
Chemical Fertilizers Effect of Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Different NP Levels [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 192-204]
Chicken Meat Effect of cold storage on lipid and protein oxidation, microbial spoilage, and physicochemical properties of chicken meat [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 1-10]
Chilling Stress Mitigating Cold Stress in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Through Foliar Nutrient Applications [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 240-245]
Chrysomelidae Morphological description and Molecular identification of species Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) in Erbil, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 249-255]
Classification Fat Replacers In Contemporary Diets: Classification, Technological Functions, And Health Outcomes (Review Article) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 204-212]
Cleaning Measuring Losses of Wheat Harvester Units at Different Speeds and Cutting Heights [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 240-248]
Climate Influence of climatic variation on soil physiochemical properties and agricultural suitability in northeast of Sulaymani, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 6-13]
Climate change Response of Pomegranate trees to Climate Changes and Geographical Distribution in Halabja Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 18-29]
Climate change Impact of Silver Nano particles on the Yield and Yield component of Oat (Avena sativa L.)varieties under two Argo - Ecosystems [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 103-111]
Climate-adaptive agriculture The Impact of Thermal Shocks on Agricultural Cultivated Areas: A Case Study of Wheat, Tomato, and Cucumber in Bazian Plain (1993–2023), Iraq. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 156-164]
Climatic variables Investigating The Green Space Of Erbil City And Determining Its Effective Parameters Using Machine Learning [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 28-38]
Cold season grass Effect Of Salicylic Acid And Benzyl Adenine On Growth Performance Of Three Cold Turf Grass Mixtures [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 73-81]
Coleoptera A Survey and Morphological Description of Forensically Important Insects Associated with the Decomposition of Goat and Sheep Corpses in Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 24-32]
Coleoptera A New Record of Glaphyrid Beetle, Eulasia nitidicollis (Reiche,1862) (Coleoptera, Glaphyridae) From Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 92-95]
Combine Measuring Losses of Wheat Harvester Units at Different Speeds and Cutting Heights [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 240-248]
Common carp Impact of partial replacement of well water with treated sewage water on water quality and physiological response in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 60-68]
Corn Estimations Genetic Parameters for Maize Genotypes at Different Planting Dates Growth Stages by Heat Accumulation ( Zea maize L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 103-108]
Cucumber plant Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 39-47]
Cultivated Area The Impact of Thermal Shocks on Agricultural Cultivated Areas: A Case Study of Wheat, Tomato, and Cucumber in Bazian Plain (1993–2023), Iraq. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 156-164]
Cultivation methods Study of the effect of cutting type and growth regulator indole butyric acid on the rooting and growth of mulberry cuttings planted in open and greenhouse cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 253-259]
Culture media Chemical characterstic's response of Damask Rosa (Rosa damascene Mill) to Biofertilizer (azotobacter) and culture media [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 30-35]

D

Date Palm Effect of nano NPK fertilizer ,EM1 fertilizer and sea weed extract on some growth and yield characteristics of date palm CV Khastawi [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 52-60]
Description A Survey and Morphological Description of Forensically Important Insects Associated with the Decomposition of Goat and Sheep Corpses in Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 24-32]
Determinants The determinants that hinder the role of agricultural extension in performing its tasks from the point of view of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 166-175]
Dibis Study of some technological properties of wood branches for grown trees species at Dibis forest [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 184-190]
Digital twin and explainable AI Smart Irrigation Systems: A Comprehensive Review of IoT, AI, and Sustainable Agriculture Technologies. A Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 266-281]
Dimensionality Reduction Machine Learning-Based Prediction of River Water Quality Using LSTM and RF Models with PCA and Stepwise Regression for Dimensionality Reduction: A Case Study of the Maroon River Basin [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 152-165]
Diptera A Survey and Morphological Description of Forensically Important Insects Associated with the Decomposition of Goat and Sheep Corpses in Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 24-32]
Diversity A survey of the diversity of harmful weeds and their vegetative density spread in some agricultural district within dry environment - Anbar Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 139-149]
Douadi plain Study of Some Morphological and Pedological Properties of the Soils in Dawodi Plain , Tooz Khurmato, Salah Al-Din [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 210-222]
Drinking Water Evaluation of potential health risks from Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe in drinking water and groundwater sources in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 218-230]
Drought Land Use Change and Its Implications for Drought Dynamics in Sulaymaniyah Governorate between 2013-2022 . [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 19-25]
Drought Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]
Drought stress Physiological responses of plants under conditions of drought stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 269-278]
Duhok Farmers` application level of pro-environmental agricultural technology in the field of integrated pest management in Duhok governorate/ Iraqi Kurdistan [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 122-130]
Duhok city Urban Agricultural planning, Green and Open Spaces and its Impact on Sustainable development in Kurdistan Region of Iraq/ Duhok City: the case of Shindokha Area [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 176-190]

E

EC Machine Learning-Based Prediction of River Water Quality Using LSTM and RF Models with PCA and Stepwise Regression for Dimensionality Reduction: A Case Study of the Maroon River Basin [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 152-165]
EM1 Effect of nano NPK fertilizer ,EM1 fertilizer and sea weed extract on some growth and yield characteristics of date palm CV Khastawi [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 52-60]
Ecological balance The reality and determinants of organic agriculture in Iraq: A review of the most important studies and implemented programs ( The wheat Crop: A Case Study) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 256-265]
Economic Growth The Impact of Thermal Shocks on Agricultural Cultivated Areas: A Case Study of Wheat, Tomato, and Cucumber in Bazian Plain (1993–2023), Iraq. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 156-164]
Egg Quality The effect of replacing yellow corn with potato starch with or without enzymes in laying hens' feed on egg quality characteristics [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 45-51]
Egg Quality Genetic Correlation of Product, Egg Quality and Biochemical Traits of Lohmann Brown Laying Hens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 162-168]
Eggplant Evaluation of some eggplant hybrids grown under low plastic tunnels in the desert areas of southern Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 246-252]
Electrical Conductivity (EC) Influence of Irrigation Water Electrical Conductivity (EC) Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 32-40]
Environmental Sustainability Urban Agricultural planning, Green and Open Spaces and its Impact on Sustainable development in Kurdistan Region of Iraq/ Duhok City: the case of Shindokha Area [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 176-190]
Environmental prediction Investigating The Green Space Of Erbil City And Determining Its Effective Parameters Using Machine Learning [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 28-38]
Eulasia nitidicollis A New Record of Glaphyrid Beetle, Eulasia nitidicollis (Reiche,1862) (Coleoptera, Glaphyridae) From Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 92-95]
Extension Knowledge needs of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate in the field of producing green fodder grown from barley seeds [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 61-66]
Extension The determinants that hinder the role of agricultural extension in performing its tasks from the point of view of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 166-175]
Extension Work The reality of the extension tasks provided to agricultural employees to improve extension work in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 96-102]
Extension reality The reality of the extension tasks provided to agricultural employees to improve extension work in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 96-102]
Extension tasks The reality of the extension tasks provided to agricultural employees to improve extension work in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 96-102]
Extract A comparative study of the changes in some physiological characteristics in Awassi ewes dosed with aqueous extract of green tea with a mixture of vitamins A and E [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 189-195]

F

FSH The Effects of Green Cardamom on Sex Hormones In Karadi Male Lambs [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 36-39]
Faba beans Effect of intercropping on the growth and productivity characteristics of three varieties of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 40-46]
Farmer The Role Of Agricultural Extension Centers In Tomato Production And Marketing In Sulaymaniyah Governorate In Kurdistan Region- Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 1-9]
Fe Response of Ibrahimi apple trees to boron and nano-iron injection, as well as the application of seaweed extract [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 74-82]
Fertigation management Smart Irrigation Systems: A Comprehensive Review of IoT, AI, and Sustainable Agriculture Technologies. A Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 266-281]
Ficus carica Waziri Effect of Organic Fertilizer Bio Health and Nano Calcium on the Growth and Yield of Fig Trees Ficus carica L. c.v Waziri under Greenhouse Conditions [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 210-217]
Fire blight, Pyrus communis, Molecular investigation, rsistanse gene, Erwinia amylovora Molecular analyses to identify gene resistance in pear ( pyrus communis) cultivars for the fire blight diseases in Iraqi Kurdistan region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 123-133]
Flavonoids Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and anticancer properties of wild Artemisia haussknechtii in Sulaymaniyah-Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 115-123]
Flavonoids Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Value, Mineral Composition, and Phytochemical Profiles in Imported and Locally Grown Grains [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 213-232]
Food Characterization of Composite of Silver Nanoparticles with Local Bacterial Cellulose and Determine Its Inhibitory Effects against some Pathogenic Bacteria [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 1-9]
Forensic insects A Survey and Morphological Description of Forensically Important Insects Associated with the Decomposition of Goat and Sheep Corpses in Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 24-32]
Forest Study of some technological properties of wood branches for grown trees species at Dibis forest [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 184-190]
Friction Advances in corrosion and abrasive wear resistance of agricultural machinery [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 203-209]
Fulvic acid The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 131-142]
Fungi Inhibitory Effect of Pinus Brutia Ten. Resin On Fungi Isolated From Some Forest Tree Seeds In Vitro [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 134-140]

G

GA3 The effect of using nano-iron and gibberellic acid on some growth traits of Brachychiton populneus seedlings Spraying on the vegetative system [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 58-63]
GC-MS Phytochemical Diversity in Seven Grapevine Varieties Using GC-MS [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 83-91]
GIS Land Use Change and Its Implications for Drought Dynamics in Sulaymaniyah Governorate between 2013-2022 . [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 19-25]
GIS Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
Gara mount The Impact Of Environmental Changes On Plant Diversity Of Mount Gara For (2014-2024) A.D. In Dohuk Governorate, Northern Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 55-62]
Genetic Parameters Estimations Genetic Parameters for Maize Genotypes at Different Planting Dates Growth Stages by Heat Accumulation ( Zea maize L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 103-108]
Genetic Parameters Estimation of the genetic indicators of the yield and its components of sorghum( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes with spraying boron at different stages of growth [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 169-180]
Genetic diversity Study of Genetic Diversity of Some Pomegranate Cultivars by Using ISSR Technique [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 33-39]
Glaphyridae A New Record of Glaphyrid Beetle, Eulasia nitidicollis (Reiche,1862) (Coleoptera, Glaphyridae) From Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 92-95]
Glomus intraradices Influence of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Different Phosphorus Levels on Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 147-155]
Goats Effect of yeast supplemented with selenium or zinc on some antioxidant indices and liver and kidney functions in local Iraqi goats [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 191-195]
Green synthesis Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plants: A Comprehensive Review [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 72-78]
Growth Effect of soil treatment with pathogenic fungi on the growth parameters and production of wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 115-122]
Growth Evaluation of some eggplant hybrids grown under low plastic tunnels in the desert areas of southern Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 246-252]
Growth Physiological responses of plants under conditions of drought stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 269-278]
Growth Influence of Planting Date and Foliar Application of Marine-Fert on the Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Content of Three Broccoli Hybrids (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Under Plastic House Conditions [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 63-72]
Growth performance Impact of partial replacement of well water with treated sewage water on water quality and physiological response in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 60-68]
Growth performance Effect of Adding Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder (MOSP) to Diet on The Productive Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 181-188]
Gundelia tournefortii L Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.) and Soil at Different Locations in Sulaimani Region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 18-23]
Gypsiferous soil Water Chemistry and Soil Type as Key Factors in Ion Pair Formation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 124-137]

H

HPLC Stimulating effect of Zn, B and Mo foliar treatments on sweetener compounds accumulation and gene expression level of UGT76G1 [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 163-168]
Hardness Study of Some Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood of Some Selected Tree Species in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, North Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 196-202]
Health Benefits Fat Replacers In Contemporary Diets: Classification, Technological Functions, And Health Outcomes (Review Article) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 204-212]
Health risk assessment Evaluation of potential health risks from Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe in drinking water and groundwater sources in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 218-230]
Heavy Metals Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.) and Soil at Different Locations in Sulaimani Region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 18-23]
Heavy Metals Evaluation of potential health risks from Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe in drinking water and groundwater sources in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 218-230]
Hen Evaluation of different induce forced resting events in some bone and ovary characteristics of commercial laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 14-17]
Humic Acid The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 131-142]
Hybrid Effect of Bio-health and Hum-Zinc Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Two Cabbage hybrids (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata) under Plastic house [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 96-105]
Hydro-climatic Drivers Wetland Areas Trend and Examining Effective Factors with Machine Learning [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 282-294]

I

IBA concentrations Effect of Cutting Type and IBA Concentrations on Rooting of Crape Myrtle Plant (Lagerstroemia Indica L) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 69-74]
ICP-OES Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.) and Soil at Different Locations in Sulaimani Region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 18-23]
ISSR technique Study of Genetic Diversity of Some Pomegranate Cultivars by Using ISSR Technique [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 33-39]
IWQI Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
In Vitro Callus Induction and artificial Seed production in Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) Using Tissue Culture Techniques [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 205-211]
In vitro propagation Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]
Indole butyric acid Study of the effect of cutting type and growth regulator indole butyric acid on the rooting and growth of mulberry cuttings planted in open and greenhouse cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 253-259]
Integrated pest management (IPM) Farmers` application level of pro-environmental agricultural technology in the field of integrated pest management in Duhok governorate/ Iraqi Kurdistan [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 122-130]
Intestinal histology Effect Of Pellet And Crumble Feed In Starter Period By Using Starter And Super Starter Diets On Growth Performance And Intestinal Histology In Broiler Chicks [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 48-54]
IoT and LPWAN connectivity Smart Irrigation Systems: A Comprehensive Review of IoT, AI, and Sustainable Agriculture Technologies. A Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 266-281]
Iraq A Survey and Morphological Description of Forensically Important Insects Associated with the Decomposition of Goat and Sheep Corpses in Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 24-32]
Iraq A New Record of Glaphyrid Beetle, Eulasia nitidicollis (Reiche,1862) (Coleoptera, Glaphyridae) From Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 92-95]
Iraq Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
Iraqi local chicken Comparative study of production performance and meat quality of two different local chicks, [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 90-98]
Iron solubilizing bacteria Molecular Identification of Iron Solubilizing Bacteria in Erbil soil [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 121-128]
Irrigation Management Influence of Irrigation Water Electrical Conductivity (EC) Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 32-40]

K

KEYWORDS Study of aestivation and hibernation of Carpocoris coreanus Distant, 1899 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Safin Mountain in Erbil – Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 1-5]
Ketosis Impact of Somatic Cell Count on Milk Yield and Composition in Simmental Cows Under Semi-Arid Conditions of Erbil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 262-268]
Key Words Molecular analyses to identify gene resistance in pear ( pyrus communis) cultivars for the fire blight diseases in Iraqi Kurdistan region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 123-133]
Key Words: Survey Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]
Keyword The effect of some competition indices depends on distance in diameter growth for pinus brutia Ten. in Dohuk governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 212-215]
Keyword: Morphological Morphological description and Molecular identification of species Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) in Erbil, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 249-255]
Keywords: Food fortification Development and characterization of mint powder (Mentha spicata L.)-fortified functional yoghurt: Physicochemical, sensory properties, and shelf-life assessment [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 176-183]
Keywords: Organic farming The reality and determinants of organic agriculture in Iraq: A review of the most important studies and implemented programs ( The wheat Crop: A Case Study) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 256-265]
Keywords: Soil Amelioration Effect of soil Amelioration on Fungal and Bacteria Communities in Kurdistan Calcareous Land [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 165-175]
Keywords: Water chemical composition Water Chemistry and Soil Type as Key Factors in Ion Pair Formation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 124-137]
Keywords: [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Optimizing Soybean Yield and Quality with Irrigation and Zinc Nano-Chelate in Semi-Arid Conditions [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 91-102]
Keywords: thermal shock The Impact of Thermal Shocks on Agricultural Cultivated Areas: A Case Study of Wheat, Tomato, and Cucumber in Bazian Plain (1993–2023), Iraq. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 156-164]
Khabat District Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Locally Produced White Soft Cheese in Khabat District, Erbil Governorate. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 64-71]
Kirkuk Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
Kurdish white soft cheese Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Locally Produced White Soft Cheese in Khabat District, Erbil Governorate. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 64-71]
Kurdistan Effect of soil Amelioration on Fungal and Bacteria Communities in Kurdistan Calcareous Land [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 165-175]
Kurdistan Region Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]

M

Maintenance Advances in corrosion and abrasive wear resistance of agricultural machinery [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 203-209]
Maize Effect of Different fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Components for two genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 112-121]
Maize Effect of Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Different NP Levels [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 192-204]
Mapping irrigation water classes A hydrological study to evaluate Groundwater quality and its suitability for irrigation purpose in Kharayeb Al-Sheikh area using geographic information systems within Western desert, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 150-161]
Maroon River Machine Learning-Based Prediction of River Water Quality Using LSTM and RF Models with PCA and Stepwise Regression for Dimensionality Reduction: A Case Study of the Maroon River Basin [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 152-165]
Meat Quality Effect of cold storage on lipid and protein oxidation, microbial spoilage, and physicochemical properties of chicken meat [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 1-10]
Meat Quality Comparative study of production performance and meat quality of two different local chicks, [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 90-98]
Meat Quality Effect of Adding Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder (MOSP) to Diet on The Productive Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 181-188]
Mechanical properties Study of Some Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood of Some Selected Tree Species in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, North Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 196-202]
Methanolic Extract Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and anticancer properties of wild Artemisia haussknechtii in Sulaymaniyah-Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 115-123]
Methods of analysis Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 39-47]
Microbiological Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Locally Produced White Soft Cheese in Khabat District, Erbil Governorate. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 64-71]
Micronutrients Stimulating effect of Zn, B and Mo foliar treatments on sweetener compounds accumulation and gene expression level of UGT76G1 [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 163-168]
Microorganisms that dissolve iron Molecular Identification of Iron Solubilizing Bacteria in Erbil soil [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 121-128]
Microstructure Physiochemical And Microstructure Properties Of Pancake Supplemented With Some Novel Components And Different Levels Of Beetroot Powder (Beta Vulgaris) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 176-182]
Mint powder Development and characterization of mint powder (Mentha spicata L.)-fortified functional yoghurt: Physicochemical, sensory properties, and shelf-life assessment [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 176-183]
Molting Evaluation of different induce forced resting events in some bone and ovary characteristics of commercial laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 14-17]
Moringa oleifera seeds powder Effect of Adding Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder (MOSP) to Diet on The Productive Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 181-188]
Morus nigra Study of the effect of cutting type and growth regulator indole butyric acid on the rooting and growth of mulberry cuttings planted in open and greenhouse cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 253-259]
Mosul Knowledge needs of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate in the field of producing green fodder grown from barley seeds [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 61-66]
Mulberry Study of the effect of cutting type and growth regulator indole butyric acid on the rooting and growth of mulberry cuttings planted in open and greenhouse cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 253-259]
Multi-Environment Trials Using AMMI Analysis to Select the Most Stable and Productive Varieties in Plant Breeding Programs. Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 233-239]
Mycorrhiza Effect of Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria on Growth Characteristics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Different NP Levels [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 192-204]

N

NAA Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]
NDVI Land Use Change and Its Implications for Drought Dynamics in Sulaymaniyah Governorate between 2013-2022 . [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 19-25]
NDVI Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]
NDWI Land Use Change and Its Implications for Drought Dynamics in Sulaymaniyah Governorate between 2013-2022 . [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 19-25]
NDWI Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]
NPK granular fertilizer A comparative study of Bio, nano NPK with Granular NPK fertilizers on growth and yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum anuum) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 75-90]
Nano Fe The effect of using nano-iron and gibberellic acid on some growth traits of Brachychiton populneus seedlings Spraying on the vegetative system [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 58-63]
Nano NPK Effect of nano NPK fertilizer ,EM1 fertilizer and sea weed extract on some growth and yield characteristics of date palm CV Khastawi [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 52-60]
Nano NPK Effect of Different fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Components for two genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 112-121]
Nano NPK fertilizer A comparative study of Bio, nano NPK with Granular NPK fertilizers on growth and yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum anuum) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 75-90]
Nano-zinc Effect of Nano-zinc EDTA, Methods of Application and Salicylic Acid, on Growth Characteristics and Productivity of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 230-245]
Nanofertilizers Impact of Nano Fertilizer and Seaweed extracts on Growth, Heavy Metals and Nutrient content of Two Broccoli Hybrids (Brassica oleracea var. italica.) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 106-120]
Nanotechnology Response of Ibrahimi apple trees to boron and nano-iron injection, as well as the application of seaweed extract [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 74-82]
Nanotechnology Effect of Organic Fertilizer Bio Health and Nano Calcium on the Growth and Yield of Fig Trees Ficus carica L. c.v Waziri under Greenhouse Conditions [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 210-217]
Nanotechnology Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plants: A Comprehensive Review [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 72-78]
Natural Rangeland Assessment of Soil Seed Bank Diversity Across North and South Facades in Shaqlawa Natural Rangeland, Erbil Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 10-17]
Natural products An overview of the Bioactive Chemicals found in Medicinal Plants and their Prospective use in the Development of new Pharmaceuticals or Natural Therapies. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 141-146]
New Record A New Record of Glaphyrid Beetle, Eulasia nitidicollis (Reiche,1862) (Coleoptera, Glaphyridae) From Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 92-95]
Nitrate risk Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 39-47]
Nitrogen fixation genes Transfer of Rhizobium leguminosarum nodD1 and nodG, and Azotobacter chroococcum nifH1 and nifV, into Bacillus megaterium using physicochemical and molecular techniques. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 79-89]
Nutrient uptake Influence of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Different Phosphorus Levels on Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 147-155]
Nutrient uptake Mitigating Cold Stress in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Through Foliar Nutrient Applications [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 240-245]
Nutritional Value Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Value, Mineral Composition, and Phytochemical Profiles in Imported and Locally Grown Grains [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 213-232]

P

PCR Transfer of Rhizobium leguminosarum nodD1 and nodG, and Azotobacter chroococcum nifH1 and nifV, into Bacillus megaterium using physicochemical and molecular techniques. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 79-89]
PCR. SRAP Genetic Relationship and Gene Stability Among Some Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars Cultured in Duhok Province, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 18-27]
PGRs Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]
Path Coefficient Analysis Estimation of the genetic indicators of the yield and its components of sorghum( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes with spraying boron at different stages of growth [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 169-180]
Pathogenic bacteria Characterization of Composite of Silver Nanoparticles with Local Bacterial Cellulose and Determine Its Inhibitory Effects against some Pathogenic Bacteria [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 1-9]
Pest Control The role of agricultural extension in educating vegetable farmers about the safe use of pesticides in Halfa Elgadida Area –Kassala State –Sudan [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 233-239]
Ph. hungaricum Effectiveness of biocontrol activity against two Phaeoacremonium species involved in grapevine pruning wound infection [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 183-191]
Phaeoacremonium aleophilum Effectiveness of biocontrol activity against two Phaeoacremonium species involved in grapevine pruning wound infection [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 183-191]
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria Effect of biofertilizers in increasing sunflower crop productivity: A review [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 47-51]
Phyllotreta Morphological description and Molecular identification of species Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae) in Erbil, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 249-255]
Physicochemical composition Physicochemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Locally Produced White Soft Cheese in Khabat District, Erbil Governorate. [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 64-71]
Physiochemical Properties Physiochemical And Microstructure Properties Of Pancake Supplemented With Some Novel Components And Different Levels Of Beetroot Powder (Beta Vulgaris) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 176-182]
Physiological parameters Effect of Nano-zinc EDTA, Methods of Application and Salicylic Acid, on Growth Characteristics and Productivity of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 230-245]
Phytochemical diversity Phytochemical Diversity in Seven Grapevine Varieties Using GC-MS [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 83-91]
Pikovskaya’s agar Isolation and characterization of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria in Erbil Governorate soils [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 88-95]
Pine Inhibitory Effect of Pinus Brutia Ten. Resin On Fungi Isolated From Some Forest Tree Seeds In Vitro [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 134-140]
Pinus brutia The effect of some competition indices depends on distance in diameter growth for pinus brutia Ten. in Dohuk governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 212-215]
Pinus brutia Ten Estimating Biomass and Carbon Sequestration of Stem and Branches of Pinus brutia Ten. Trees in Duhok Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 129-138]
Plant Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Plants: A Comprehensive Review [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 72-78]
Plant Physiological responses of plants under conditions of drought stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 269-278]
Plant Breeding Programs Using AMMI Analysis to Select the Most Stable and Productive Varieties in Plant Breeding Programs. Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 233-239]
Plant bioactive, drug discovery An overview of the Bioactive Chemicals found in Medicinal Plants and their Prospective use in the Development of new Pharmaceuticals or Natural Therapies. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 141-146]
Pomegranate Study of Genetic Diversity of Some Pomegranate Cultivars by Using ISSR Technique [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 33-39]
Pomegranate Response of Pomegranate trees to Climate Changes and Geographical Distribution in Halabja Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 18-29]
Pomegranate Genetic Relationship and Gene Stability Among Some Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars Cultured in Duhok Province, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 18-27]
Potato Effect of weeding depth on potato productivity under two types of irrigation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 99-106]
Potato plants Response of growth and yield of potato plants grown in desert areas to spraying with proline acid and chelated iron [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 169-175]
Potato starch The effect of replacing yellow corn with potato starch with or without enzymes in laying hens' feed on egg quality characteristics [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 45-51]
Poultry nutrition Replacing Sunflower Oil with Rice Bran Oil in Laying Hens' Diets and Its Effect on Egg Production Traits [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 82-87]
Precision irrigation Smart Irrigation Systems: A Comprehensive Review of IoT, AI, and Sustainable Agriculture Technologies. A Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 266-281]
Pro-environmental Agricultural technology Farmers` application level of pro-environmental agricultural technology in the field of integrated pest management in Duhok governorate/ Iraqi Kurdistan [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 122-130]
Production traits The using of clove bud powder (Syzygium aromaticum) and vitamin C to reduce heat stress and its effect on the productive performance of broiler chickens [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 40-44]
Productive Performance Adding lactic acid bacteria to local sunflower meal used in broiler feed and its effect on production performance [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 107-114]
Productive Performance Using celery seed as a natural antioxidant with synthetic antioxidant (BHT) on the productive and physiological performance of laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 138-144]
Productive Performance Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotic in Poultry Nutrition: A review [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 196-209]
Productive traits Genetic Correlation of Product, Egg Quality and Biochemical Traits of Lohmann Brown Laying Hens [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 162-168]
Proteases Catalytic Roles of Enzymes in Modern Food Processing and Preservation(Review Article). [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 254-261]
Punica Granatum Study of Genetic Diversity of Some Pomegranate Cultivars by Using ISSR Technique [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 33-39]
Punica granatu Genetic Relationship and Gene Stability Among Some Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars Cultured in Duhok Province, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 18-27]
Punica protopunica Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]

R

Rainfall Response of Pomegranate trees to Climate Changes and Geographical Distribution in Halabja Governorate, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 18-29]
Random Forest Investigating The Green Space Of Erbil City And Determining Its Effective Parameters Using Machine Learning [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 28-38]
Random Forest Model Wetland Areas Trend and Examining Effective Factors with Machine Learning [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 282-294]
Reel Measuring Losses of Wheat Harvester Units at Different Speeds and Cutting Heights [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 240-248]
Regeneration Callus Induction and Organogenesis of Seven Local Pomegranate Punica protopunica. L Plants Derived from Seeds [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 52-59]
Resistance Advances in corrosion and abrasive wear resistance of agricultural machinery [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 203-209]
Rice bran oil Replacing Sunflower Oil with Rice Bran Oil in Laying Hens' Diets and Its Effect on Egg Production Traits [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 82-87]
Rimsulfuron herbicide The Synergistic Effects of Biofertilizers, Humic Acid, and Fulvic Acid on Rimsulfuron Herbicide 25% Performance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 131-142]
Rock Phosphate Influence of Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Different Phosphorus Levels on Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 147-155]
Role The determinants that hinder the role of agricultural extension in performing its tasks from the point of view of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 166-175]
Rooting percentage Effect of Cutting Type and IBA Concentrations on Rooting of Crape Myrtle Plant (Lagerstroemia Indica L) [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 69-74]
Rosa Chemical characterstic's response of Damask Rosa (Rosa damascene Mill) to Biofertilizer (azotobacter) and culture media [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 30-35]
Rosemary The insecticidal effect of tobacco and rosemary plant powders on black carpenter ant Componotus Sp (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 109-114]
Rosmarinus officinalis Growth performance, Meat quality and biochemical blood parameters of Awassi lamb fed diet supplemented with Rosemary oil [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 67-73]

S

SAR Machine Learning-Based Prediction of River Water Quality Using LSTM and RF Models with PCA and Stepwise Regression for Dimensionality Reduction: A Case Study of the Maroon River Basin [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 152-165]
SRAP Genetic Relationship and Gene Stability Among Some Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars Cultured in Duhok Province, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 18-27]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Effect of yeast supplemented with selenium or zinc on some antioxidant indices and liver and kidney functions in local Iraqi goats [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 191-195]
Safe food The reality and determinants of organic agriculture in Iraq: A review of the most important studies and implemented programs ( The wheat Crop: A Case Study) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 256-265]
Safety use The role of agricultural extension in educating vegetable farmers about the safe use of pesticides in Halfa Elgadida Area –Kassala State –Sudan [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 233-239]
Salicylic acid Effect of Nano-zinc EDTA, Methods of Application and Salicylic Acid, on Growth Characteristics and Productivity of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Calcareous Soil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 230-245]
Salicylic acid Role of Salicylic Acid, Biochar, and Their Combinations in Improving Physiological Characteristics of Broad Bean and Decreasing Cadmium Stress [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 216-229]
Salicylic acid Effect Of Salicylic Acid And Benzyl Adenine On Growth Performance Of Three Cold Turf Grass Mixtures [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 73-81]
Seaweed Extracts Effect of nano NPK fertilizer ,EM1 fertilizer and sea weed extract on some growth and yield characteristics of date palm CV Khastawi [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 52-60]
Seed Using celery seed as a natural antioxidant with synthetic antioxidant (BHT) on the productive and physiological performance of laying hens [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 138-144]
Seed Rot Inhibitory Effect of Pinus Brutia Ten. Resin On Fungi Isolated From Some Forest Tree Seeds In Vitro [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 134-140]
Seeds Knowledge needs of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate in the field of producing green fodder grown from barley seeds [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 61-66]
Seeds mixture Effect Of Salicylic Acid And Benzyl Adenine On Growth Performance Of Three Cold Turf Grass Mixtures [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 73-81]
Semi arid area Impact of Silver Nano particles on the Yield and Yield component of Oat (Avena sativa L.)varieties under two Argo - Ecosystems [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 103-111]
Shear Strength Influence of climatic variation on soil physiochemical properties and agricultural suitability in northeast of Sulaymani, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 6-13]
Silver Cloves The using of clove bud powder (Syzygium aromaticum) and vitamin C to reduce heat stress and its effect on the productive performance of broiler chickens [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 40-44]
Slippage Studying some mechanical indicators of grain drill at different soil moisture and seeding speed [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 11-18]
Smart Irrigation Smart Irrigation Systems: A Comprehensive Review of IoT, AI, and Sustainable Agriculture Technologies. A Review Article [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 266-281]
Soil Analysis of Heavy Metals Found in Kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.) and Soil at Different Locations in Sulaimani Region [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 18-23]
Soil Effect of weeding depth on potato productivity under two types of irrigation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 99-106]
Soil Fertility Improvement of Gypsum Soil Properties by Adding Organic and Mineral Fertilizers and Its Productivity for Oil Crops [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 51-57]
Soil Taxonomy Study of Some Morphological and Pedological Properties of the Soils in Dawodi Plain , Tooz Khurmato, Salah Al-Din [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 210-222]
Soil improvement Improvement of Gypsum Soil Properties by Adding Organic and Mineral Fertilizers and Its Productivity for Oil Crops [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 51-57]
Soil permeability Influence of climatic variation on soil physiochemical properties and agricultural suitability in northeast of Sulaymani, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 6-13]
Soil seed bank Assessment of Soil Seed Bank Diversity Across North and South Facades in Shaqlawa Natural Rangeland, Erbil Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 10-17]
Somatic Cell Count Impact of Somatic Cell Count on Milk Yield and Composition in Simmental Cows Under Semi-Arid Conditions of Erbil [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 262-268]
Sorghum Estimation of the genetic indicators of the yield and its components of sorghum( Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes with spraying boron at different stages of growth [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 169-180]
Starter Effect Of Pellet And Crumble Feed In Starter Period By Using Starter And Super Starter Diets On Growth Performance And Intestinal Histology In Broiler Chicks [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 48-54]
Stevia Stimulating effect of Zn, B and Mo foliar treatments on sweetener compounds accumulation and gene expression level of UGT76G1 [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 163-168]
Sulaimanya Land Use Change and Its Implications for Drought Dynamics in Sulaymaniyah Governorate between 2013-2022 . [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 19-25]
Sulaymaniyah Survey and Study of Soil Drought Phenomenon in 2000 and 2023 by GIS in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 191-203]
Sunflower oil Replacing Sunflower Oil with Rice Bran Oil in Laying Hens' Diets and Its Effect on Egg Production Traits [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 82-87]
Sustainable Development The reality and determinants of organic agriculture in Iraq: A review of the most important studies and implemented programs ( The wheat Crop: A Case Study) [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 256-265]
Sweetener Stimulating effect of Zn, B and Mo foliar treatments on sweetener compounds accumulation and gene expression level of UGT76G1 [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 163-168]
Synbiotic Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotic in Poultry Nutrition: A review [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 196-209]

T

Tannins Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Value, Mineral Composition, and Phytochemical Profiles in Imported and Locally Grown Grains [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 213-232]
Technology Knowledge needs of agricultural employees in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate in the field of producing green fodder grown from barley seeds [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 61-66]
Testosterone The Effects of Green Cardamom on Sex Hormones In Karadi Male Lambs [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 36-39]
Tobacco The insecticidal effect of tobacco and rosemary plant powders on black carpenter ant Componotus Sp (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 109-114]
Topographic gradient Assessment of Soil Seed Bank Diversity Across North and South Facades in Shaqlawa Natural Rangeland, Erbil Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 10-17]
Traditional medicine, medicinal plant An overview of the Bioactive Chemicals found in Medicinal Plants and their Prospective use in the Development of new Pharmaceuticals or Natural Therapies. [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 141-146]
Tree species The Impact Of Environmental Changes On Plant Diversity Of Mount Gara For (2014-2024) A.D. In Dohuk Governorate, Northern Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 55-62]
Trichoderma harizianum Effectiveness of biocontrol activity against two Phaeoacremonium species involved in grapevine pruning wound infection [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 183-191]
Turf grass growth performance Effect Of Salicylic Acid And Benzyl Adenine On Growth Performance Of Three Cold Turf Grass Mixtures [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 73-81]
Type mulberry cutting Study of the effect of cutting type and growth regulator indole butyric acid on the rooting and growth of mulberry cuttings planted in open and greenhouse cultivation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 253-259]

W

WPM Callus Induction and artificial Seed production in Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) Using Tissue Culture Techniques [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 205-211]
WQI Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
Water Ionic strength Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 39-47]
Water chemistry Evaluation of potential health risks from Cd, Pb, Zn, and Fe in drinking water and groundwater sources in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 218-230]
Water quality Machine Learning-Based Prediction of River Water Quality Using LSTM and RF Models with PCA and Stepwise Regression for Dimensionality Reduction: A Case Study of the Maroon River Basin [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 152-165]
Water quality Impact of partial replacement of well water with treated sewage water on water quality and physiological response in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 60-68]
Water quality index Evaluation of the water quality of some groundwater wells in Salah al-Din Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 3, 2025, Page 143-151]
Weeds Effect of weeding depth on potato productivity under two types of irrigation [Volume 16, Issue 2, 2025, Page 99-106]
Weeds A survey of the diversity of harmful weeds and their vegetative density spread in some agricultural district within dry environment - Anbar Governorate [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 139-149]
Western Desert A hydrological study to evaluate Groundwater quality and its suitability for irrigation purpose in Kharayeb Al-Sheikh area using geographic information systems within Western desert, Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 150-161]
Wheat Effect of soil treatment with pathogenic fungi on the growth parameters and production of wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 115-122]
Wheat Measuring Losses of Wheat Harvester Units at Different Speeds and Cutting Heights [Volume 16, Issue 4, 2025, Page 240-248]
Wood utilization Study of Some Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood of Some Selected Tree Species in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, North Iraq [Volume 16, Issue 1, 2025, Page 196-202]

Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

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